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PRAYER

The obligatory rituals of "Ibadah" are prayres

1.Salah

2.Fasting

3.Saum

4.Zakah

5.Hajj

and struggling in the ways of Allah is called "Jihad".

The Salah,which is the subject of this booklet,is an essential paryt of "Ibadah".The prophet (S.A.W) is reported to have said:"Salah is the pillar of Islam" and whosever abondon it,demolishes the very pillar of religion.

Procedure How To Say Prayer

TAHARAH

Before person can say his prayer, he must be clean and pure.The Quran saya:"Truly Allah loves those who turn to Him and those who care of cleanliness." Cleanliness of mind, of body and clothes is called TARAH.It is only in such a condition of purification that a Muslim may perform the Salah.

Purification of the body is attained by a partial or total washing with clean water.The partial water is known as "Al Wudu"or ablution, and the total wash is called "Al Ghusl".

AL-WUDU

First of all,,Mention the name of Allah by saying"Bismilla-Hir-Rahma-Nir-Rahim"(in the name of Allah and the Beneficent of the Merciful.

Wash both hands up to the wrists together three times,ensuring that every part including.

Taking hand of water in to mouth, rinse the mouth three times.

Snuff water contained in the right palm in to the nose and then eject the water with the left hand thrice.

Wash the face,ear to ear,forehead to chin three times.

Wash the right arm throughly from the wrists to the elbow three times.Repeat the same with left hand.

Run moistened over the head from forehead to the back to forehead (once).

Run moistened fingures through the ears, the first fingers of each hand going across the inside of the corresponding ear,while the thumb runs across the outside.

Wash both feet up to the ankles starting from the right and ensuring that all parts particularly between the toes are wetted.If you had performed complete "Wudu" before putting on your socks or stocking, it is not necessary to mremove them when you want to repeat the performance of "Wudu". It is enough to vipe over the stockinged feet with wet hands.this may be done for aperiod of one day,(and three days of journey)on the condition that the socks are stocking are never removed.

If they are removed, it is necessary to re-wash the feet for "Wudu".The process ends with the recitation of the kalimatus-Shahadah.(ASH-HADU ALLA ILAHA ILLAHU WA-ASH-HADU AN-NA MUHAMMADAN ABDUHU-WA-RASULUH).

A fresh performance of "Wudu" is necessary if one breakes wind,touches genitals, or becomes sexually excited, or pays a visit to lavatory, or falls in to sleep lying down,or vomits violentely,or incurs a flow of blood from an injury,or a flow of impure fluid.

AL-GHUSL(THE WASING OF BATH)

The greater purification, Ghusl, is obligatory one is defiled as  result of nocturnal emission (or wet dream), martial intercourse, child birth, or when entering in to the fold of Islam.

The procedure is as follows:

Begin with the name of Allah as for "Wudu".Wash the hands and the effected parts of the body with water to remove any impurity.Perform "Wudu" as above.The wash whole body three times, using clean water fir each wash.

TAYYAMMUM (DRY ABLUTION) 

On certain occasions, it may become either impossible,e.g (when cannot be found or just enough for drinking is availble), or it is dangerous, because of illness, to use water for "Wudu" or "Ghusl".In such situation, Tayammum is performed.The procedure.

Begin with name of Allah.Strike both palms on send, or any thing containing sand or dust, like a wall or a stone etc.Pass the palms of the hands over the face once.strike the sand etc.,again with the palms.Rub the right hand with the left palm from the wrists to yhe elbow and similarly to the left hand with the right palm.Finish with the Kalimatus-Shadah.

1.TIME

Each of tyhe salah must be offered at or during the proper time.No Salah can before its time.There are five obligatory prayers in a day.

Fajr            -The morning prayer        

Zuhr            -The early afternoon prayer

Asr              -The late afternoon prayer

Maghrib       -The sun set prayer

Isha              -The night prayer

2.DRESS

Before offering your Salah make sure that you properly dressed.For men and boys, the dress should be such that covers their bodies from the navel to the knees at least.

Womens are required to cover themselves from head to foot, leaving only the face the hands are covered.The dress for Salah must be clean and free from all filth.During the monthly period women are free from obligation of Salah.

3.PLACE

Whenever a man might be, he can turn towards Allah in Salah and in devotion.The prophet has said,"The(whole of the)Earth has been rendered for me a mosque:pure and clean".Preferably Salah is to be offered in jama' at congregation.Whenever possible, one should pray facing the Ka;bah, Makkah.

FARD OR NAFILAH

Salah is composed of Fard (obligatory) and the Nafilah (superogatory) prayers.

The Fard Salah are five in a day.Failure to perform any one of them is blameable sin.The Nafilah includes the Sunnah, which the prophet (S.A.W) used to perform regularly before or after Fard Salah.

PRAYER IN SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES

When in cicumstances it is not possible to pray, or when on journey, you are permitted to shorten Salah.Such a shorten prayer is known as Salatul-Qasr.

When travelling one may offer two raka'ats in place of four raka'ats in Zuhr.Asr and Isha but there is no change in thetwo raka'ats of Fajr and three raka'ats of Maghrib Salah.Beside this concession in Fard Salah, one may leave all the additional Sunnah except the two Sunnah raka'ats of Fajr and the Witr of Isha prayer.But a section of Muslims do perform Sunnah even when on a journey.

In case the stay any one place during the journey exceeds a fortnight, complete the Salah, with all the fard and Sunnah raka'ats must be offered.

If you are sick, you may offer your Salah in  a sitting position or lying in bed, by placing signs in place of the physical movements.

In journey, in sickness and other emegencies, one is allowed to offer seperate Salah jointly.Thus Zuhr and Asr can be said together in the last part of the period of Zuhr.Maghrib and Isha may also be offered similarly towards the end of Maghrib time (When it almost dark) 

THE CALL PRAYER ADHAN

To assemble the Muslima for congregational prayer, "Adhan" or the call to prayer is given.The caller (Mu'adhdhin)

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

ASH-HADU AL-LA ILAHAILLALLAH (I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah)

ASH-HADU AL-LA ILAHAILLALLAH (I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah)

ASH-HADU AN-NA MUHAMMADAR RASULULAH (I bear witness that Muhammad (S.A.W) is the Messenger of Allah)

ASH-HADU AN-NA MUHAMMADAR RASULULAH (I bear witness that Muhammad (S.A.W) is the Messenger of Allah)

HAYYA ALAS SALAH (Come to prayer)

HAYYA ALAS SALAH (Come to prayer)

HAYYA ALAL FALAH (Come to youe good)

HAYYA ALAL FALAH (Come to youe good)

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

LA ILAHA ILLALLAH (There is no deity but Allah)

In Adhan for Fajr Salah, the following sentences is added after

HAYYA ALAL FALAH

ASSALATU KHAYRUM MINAN NAUM (Salah is better than sleep)

HAYYA ALAL FALAH

ASSALATU KHAYRUM MINAN NAUM (Salah is better than sleep)

IQAMAH

After Adhan when the Muslims are assembled at the place of worship, a second call (Iqmah) is recited by one of the group.This signals the start of congregational Salah.It is similar to Adhan except that is recited faster but in a lower tone and these sentences are recited after HAYYA ALAL FALAH.

QAD QAMATIS SALAH (The prayer has begun)

QAD QAMATIS SALAH (The prayer has begun)

THE CONTENTS OF SALAH

When you are sure that you have fulfilled all the necessary condition for Salah, you ready top after Salah.a detail account of how to say Salah is given below

Say to your self to offer this Salah (Fajr, Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha).Then raised your hands your ears and saying ALLAHU AKBAR.

NOTE.Ladies lift their hands up to their shoulders only.

Now placing your right hand on the left hand, just below or on the navel.Ladies placing theur hands on their chest and recite the following

SUBHANA-KALLAH-HUMMA WA BI-HAMDIKA WATABARAKAS-MUKA WATA'ALA JADDUKA WA-LA ILAHA GHAIRUK. (O Allah, Glorified, praise worthly and blessed is Thy Name and exalted Thy Majesty and their is deity worthy of worship except Thee)

AU-DHU-BIL-LA-HI MINAHAITANIR RAJIM (I seek refuge in Allah from the rejected satan)

BISMILAHIR RAHMANIR RAHIM (In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

After this recite the opening surah, Al-Fatihah:

ALHAMDU LIL-LAHI RAB-BIL ALAMIN (Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds)

AR-RAHMANIR RAHIM (The Beneficent, the Merciful)

MALIKI YAU-MID-DIN (Master of the Day of Judgement)

IYYA-KA NABUDU WA-IYYAKA NASTAIN (Thee alone we worship and to Thee alone we turn for help)

IHDI-NAS-SIRATAL MUSTAQIM (Guide us in the straight line)

SIRA TAL-LADINA AN-AMTA ALAIHIM(The path of those whom You favoured)

GHAIR-IL MAGHDUBI ALAIHAIM (And who did not deserve Thy anger)

WALAD-DAL-LAIN (Or went astray)

(AMIN)

Now recite the following or any other passege from the Holy Quran.

BISMILLA-HIR RAMA-NIR RAHIM (In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

QUL HU-WAL-LAHO AHAD (Allah is one and the only God)

ALLA-HUS-SA-MAD (Allah,upon whom all depend)

LAM YALID WALAM YULAD (He begets not, nor He is begotten)

WALAM YAKUL-LAHU KUFU-WAN AHAD (And there is nothing which can be compared to Him.

Now bow down saying

ALLAHHU AKBAR (Allah is the greatest)

Place your hands on your knees and this inclined position recite these words thrice

SUBHANA RAB-BI-YAL AZIM (Glory to my Lord the great)

Then come to standing position saying

SAMI ALLAHU LIMAN HAMIDAH (Allah has heard all whose praise Him)

RAB-BANA LAKAL HAMD (Our Lord:Praise be to Thee)

Now saying " Allahhu Akbar " prostrate on the ground with your forehead, the knees, the nose and palms of both hands touching the ground.In this position (Sajdah) repeat these words three times

SUBHANA RAB-BI-YAL A'ALA (Glory to my Lord, the most high)

NOTE:Your nose& forehead in line with carpet.

Sit upright with knees still on the ground after a moments rest perform the second Sajdah saying:

ALLAHU AKBAR (Allah is the great)

In second Sajdah repeat the following words thrice.

SUBHANA RAB-BI-YAL A'ALA (Glory to my Lord the most high)

This completes the first rak'at of Salah.The second raka'at is said in the same way except that after the second sajdah  you sit back, with the left foot bent towrds the right, which should be placed vertical to the mat with the toes touching the mat.The palms should be lifted from the mat and place on the knees.

In this position "QADAH" Silently say these words 

TASHAHHUD:

AT-TAHI-YATU LIL-LAHI WAS-SALWATU WAT-TAYIBATU (All the prayers and worship through words, action and sanctity are for Allah only)

AS-SALMU ALAIKA AY-YAUHAN-NABIY-YU (Peace be on you, O  prophet)

WARAHMATUL-LAHI WABARAKATUH (And Mercy of Allah and His blessings)

AS-SALMU ALAINA WA 'ALA IBADIL-LAHIS-SALIHIN (Peace be on us and those who are righteous servents of Allah)

ASH-HADU AL-LA ILAHA IL-LAL-LAHU WA-ASH-HADU AN-NA MUHAMMADAN ABDUHU WARASULUH.

(I bear witness to the fact that there is no deity but Allah.I bear witnesss that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger)

In a three raka'at i.e (Maghrib) or four raka'at like (Zuhr, Asr, Isha) Salah you stand up for the remaining raka'at after Tashahhud.On the other hand if it is a two raka'at (Fajr) Salah, keep sitting and after this recite "Darud" (Blessing for the prophet) in these words

AL-LAHUM-MA SALI-LI 'ALA MUHAMMAD-IW WA ' ALA ALI MUHAMMADIN

(O Allah, exalt Muhammad and the followers of Muhammad.)

KAM SAL-LAITA ' ALA IBRAHIMA WA ' ALA ALI IBRAHIM

(As Thou did exalt Ibrahim and his followers)

                                    IN-NAKA HAMIDUM-MAJEED

(The art the praised, the Glorious)

AL-LAHUM-MA BARIK 'ALA MUHAMMADI-IW

(O Allah, bless Muhammad)

WA 'ALA ALI MUHAMMADIN

(And His followers)

KAMABARAKTA 'ALA IBRAHIMA WA 'ALA ALI IBRAHIMA 

(As Thou has blest Ibrahim and his followers) 

IN-NAKA HAMIDUM-MAJEED.

Thou art the praised,the Glorious)

Then say silently:

RAB-BIJ-'ALNI MUQIMAS-SALATI WAMIN DHUR-RI-YATI

(O Lord! Make and my children steadfast in prayer) 

RAB-BANA WATAQAB-BAL DUA' RAB-BANAGH FIRLI

(Our Lord1 Accept the prayer.Our Lord forgive me)

WA LIWALIDAY-YA WA LIL-MU'MININA YAUMA YAQUM-MU HISAB.

(and my parents and beleivers on the Day of Judgement.

Now turn your face to the right and saying

AS-SALMU ' ALAIKUM WA-RAHMATUL-LAH

(Peace be on you and Allah's blessings)

 Then your face turn to the left and repeat the above words.

This completes your two raka'at salah.The four raka'at of (Zuhr, Asr, Isha) are said in the identical manner with the only diffrence that in the first two Raka'at of Zuhr and Asr, Al-Fatiha is said silently while in Isha prayer it is recited aloud.

If you are performing a threee raka'at like (Maghrib) or four raka'at  (Zuhr, Asr ,Isha) Salah stan up after Tashahhud saying "ALLAHU AKBAR " and recite Al-Fatiha is always recited silently in the third and fourth raka'at of every Salah.When you are offering Fard Salah do not recite any additional pessages from the Holy Quran Al-Fatiha in the last two raka'at.After the second Sajdah in the fourth raka'at say Tashahhud, Darud and end with "AS-SALAMU'ALAIKUM WA-RAHMATUL-LAH" to each side right and left.This marks the end of Salah.

SUNNAH OR NAFILAH AND ADDITIONAL PRAYER      

The Holy prophet (P.B.U.H) said these additional prayers before or after the prescribed (Fard) prayers.These are therfore recommended.The sequence of these additional prayer in each Salah is given below

SALAT-UL-WITR

The three raka'at prayer said after the Fard and Sunnah of the "Isha" is called Salt-ul-Witr.It is strongly recommended in the practice of the Holy prophet(P.B.U.H) and is wajib (Necessary) according to on section of Muslims.

The first two raka'at of this Salt-ul-Witr are said like the first two raka'at Maghrib prayers.In the third raka'at after Al-Fatiha recite some additional surah on verses of the Quran.Then saying "ALLAHU AKBAR" raise your hand above your shoulders fold your hands and recite the following or any other similar Du'a silently.This is called Du'a -al-Quran or the prayer of submission.

ALLAHUM-MA IN-NA NASTA/INUKA

 (Oh Allah we seek Thy help)

WANASTAGHFIRUKA

(And ask Thy forgivness)

WAN'MINU BIKA WANATAWAK-KALU 'ALAIKA

(And  believe in Thee and trust in Thee,)

WANUTHNI 'ALAIKAL-KHAIR WA-NASHKURUKA

(and we praise Thee in the best manner and we thank Thee,)

WALANAKFURUKA WANAKHLA'U WANATRUKU

(And we are not ungreatful and we cast off and forsake him)

MAY-YAF JURUK.ALLAHUM-MA IY-YAKA N'ABUDU

(Who disobeys Thee.O Allah, Thee alone do we worship,) 

WALAKA NUSAL-LI WA-NASJUDU WA-ILAIKA NAS'A

(And to Thee we pray, and before Thee do we postrate, to Thee do we turn to) 

WANAHFIDU WANARJU RAHMATAKA WANAKHSHA ADHBAKA

(In haste, and hope for Thy mercy, and we fear Thy punishment)

IN-NA 'ADHABAKA BIL-KUF-FARI MULHIQ.  

(Thy punishment surely overtakes the unbeleivers)

After this saying "ALLAHU AKBAR" bow down in Ruku and then complete the rest of prayers like the Maghrib prayers.